Gladys Knight Net Worth 2026: The $8M Empress of Soul

Gladys Knight‘s net worth is estimated at $8 million – $28 million as of October 2026. The “Empress of Soul” has sold tens of millions of records across a recording career that stretches back to the 1950s, won seven Grammy Awards, toured arenas into her eighties, and — in a twist most biographies bury — spent 2016–2017 in federal and state court suing her own son over the restaurant chain that carried her name. Fresh 2026 reporting also changed the money story itself: Celebrity Net Worth, the source nearly every outlet cited for a $28 million figure, quietly revised its estimate down to $8 million, and signed a new catalog deal for her music entered Reservoir Media’s books in 2025.

How we estimated this: The current Celebrity Net Worth figure ($8 million, refreshed in 2026) anchors this estimate, but multiple established outlets still carry the older $28 million number that CNW itself previously published — so an honest 2026 estimate is a range: $8 million – $28 million. No public financial filings exist for Knight, and no outlet names a primary document behind any figure, so both endpoints are treated as estimates. Read our full methodology.

Gladys Knight: Quick Facts

Estimated net worth$8 million (range: $8 million – $28 million)
ProfessionSinger, songwriter, actress and businesswoman
NationalityAmerican
BornMay 28, 1944, Atlanta, Georgia (age 82)
Height5 ft 3 in (1.60 m)
Primary income sourcesMusic royalties and catalog rights, touring, television and film appearances, business ventures
Active years1952–present
Last reviewedOctober 2026
Illustrated portrait of Gladys Knight in a gold sequined gown holding a gold microphone under concert lights
Gladys Knight, the Empress of Soul — seven Grammy Awards, more than 38 albums, and a performing career past the 75-year mark.

Early Life and Background

Gladys Maria Knight was born May 28, 1944, in Atlanta, Georgia, into a family where singing was closer to an inheritance than a hobby. Her father, Merald Woodlow Knight Sr., was a postal worker; her mother, Sarah Elizabeth Woods, was a homemaker — and both parents sang in the Wings Over Jordan gospel choir. Knight grew up alongside her brother Merald Jr. — “Bubba” — her sister Brenda, and her brother David, in Atlanta’s growing Black middle class.

Music found her before she could read. Her first recital came in 1948, when she was four, at Mount Moriah Baptist Church. From 1950 to 1953 she toured Southern churches with the Morris Brown College choir of Atlanta, a gospel group, performing in churches and at local recitals. The childhood anecdote that biographers love is verifiable: in 1952, at age seven, Knight appeared on Ted Mack’s The Original Amateur Hour and won the first prize — $2,000 — for singing Nat King Cole’s “Too Young.” That single broadcast gave the Knight family the confidence to treat Gladys as something more than a church-soloist prodigy.

The Pips were born at a birthday party. Later in 1952, at ten-year-old Bubba’s birthday, Gladys entertained the family alongside Bubba, Brenda, and cousins William and Elenor Guest. Another cousin, James “Pip” Wood, suggested they turn professional and lent the group his nickname. The Pips sang at supper clubs during the week and in church on Sundays — a working band before Gladys was ten.

Education

One detail most net-worth profiles skip: Gladys Knight is a college graduate. She graduated from Shaw University in Raleigh, North Carolina — one of the nation’s oldest historically Black colleges and universities — with honors, a fact confirmed by her biography and by coverage of her 2021 NBA All-Star Game national anthem performance (Andscape, Variety via HBCU Buzz). Knight herself called her time at the HBCU “an important part of my growth as both a woman and a person,” saying she felt welcomed, supported and encouraged there.

Formal schooling sat alongside an informal one. Between church tours with the Morris Brown choir and gigs with the Pips, Knight’s real-world business education came from the road: promoters, contracts, and label men who paid in exposure. That education would matter decades later, when the group walked away from Motown over money.

Career Journey

The Pips’ professional climb was slow and methodical, which is exactly why it lasted. The group cut its first single, “Whistle My Love,” in 1957 for Brunswick Records. Their first real chart breakthrough arrived in 1961, when “Every Beat of My Heart” — recorded for the tiny Huntom label and picked up by Vee-Jay — reached No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100. They were still teenagers.

Motown changed everything and, eventually, frustrated everyone. In 1966 Gladys Knight & the Pips signed with Berry Gordy’s Motown, where they became one of the label’s most successful vocal groups. The Motown era produced “I Heard It Through the Grapevine” (1967, Knight’s version hit No. 2 on the pop chart a year before Marvin Gaye’s version eclipsed it), “If I Were Your Woman” (1970), “Neither One of Us (Wants to Be the First to Say Goodbye)” (1973), and a string of R&B smashes. But Motown’s famously tight royalty accounting rankled the group — the pay structure was a real reason the Pips moved on.

The jump to Buddah Records in 1973 was the money decision of the decade for them. Buddah offered better terms and a pop-crossover machine, and the group responded with its defining run: “Neither One of Us” (No. 2 pop, No. 1 R&B), “Midnight Train to Georgia” (No. 1 on the Hot 100 in October 1973, Grammy winner for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group), and “Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me” (No. 3 pop, 1974). Knight’s vocals carried a full emotional register that pop radio hadn’t quite heard before — conversational verses exploding into gospel-soul choruses — and it sold.

The mid-seventies were peak earning years: a self-titled television special in the summer of 1975, Knight’s film debut in Pipe Dreams (1976) with the Pips recording the soundtrack, and continued touring. The group later moved through Columbia and landed at MCA Records in 1988 for its final album, All Our Love, which contained the Grammy-winning “Love Overboard.” In 1989 Knight went fully solo, recording the theme for the James Bond film Licence to Kill and releasing Good Woman (1991) on MCA, which topped the Billboard R&B albums chart. Across more than 38 albums, she collected No. 1 hits in pop, R&B, gospel and adult contemporary.

Rise to Fame

Fame, for Knight, arrived in waves rather than one lightning strike. The first wave was the Buddah era, when “Midnight Train to Georgia” became the group’s signature and one of the most enduring songs of the seventies — a record about a broken Hollywood dream that, by her own storytelling, she made feel autobiographical. The second wave was solo: the Bond theme put her voice in cinemas worldwide in 1989, and Good Woman established her as a solo album artist at 47.

The third wave was gospel. In the early 2000s Knight formed the Saints Unified Voices, a hundred-plus-voice gospel choir, and in 2006 it won the Grammy for Best Gospel Choir or Chorus Album for One Voice — one of her seven Grammy wins, spanning pop, R&B and gospel categories across five decades, with 22 nominations total.

The fourth wave was television’s nostalgia machine. She appeared on ABC’s 14th season of Dancing With the Stars in 2012 at age 67, competed as The Bee on the inaugural season of The Masked Singer in 2019, sang the national anthem at Super Bowl LIII in Atlanta in 2019 and again at the 2021 NBA All-Star Game, and introduced herself to a younger generation with a celebrated Verzuz battle against Patti LaBelle in 2020. Honors stacked up: a Hollywood Walk of Fame star in 1995, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with the Pips in 1996, the 45th Kennedy Center Honors in December 2022, the National Medal of Arts from President Biden in March 2023, and a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award honor in 2024. In 2015, a stretch of Atlanta’s State Route 9 became Gladys Knight Highway.

Into her eighties she kept touring. A 2023 farewell tour added a second sold-out Royal Albert Hall date in London by popular demand. In 2025 she joined Chaka Khan, Patti LaBelle and Stephanie Mills for “The Queens! 4 Legends. 1 Stage,” an arena tour that paired four soul royalty in one bill. Then in 2026, after more than 75 years as a performer, Knight announced she would scale back live appearances and devote more time to family — a decision reported alongside the freshest round of net-worth coverage.

Main Sources of Income

Knight’s income stack is the classic veteran-diva portfolio, minus the fragrance lines and fashion empires that younger artists build. The largest pillar is music royalties: master and publishing income from the Motown and Buddah catalogs, solo records, the Bond theme, and gospel albums — now also including whatever terms sit behind the 2025 Reservoir Media catalog deal. Streaming pays legacy artists in pennies per stream, but a catalog containing “Midnight Train to Georgia” and “I Heard It Through the Grapevine” earns around the clock, worldwide, in every licensed format.

The second pillar is touring, which has been her working capital for six decades. Theater and casino dates, the 2023 farewell run, and the 2025 Queens arena tour with Chaka Khan, Patti LaBelle and Stephanie Mills all fed the top line well into her eighties. Third is television and film: acting roles (Pipe Dreams, Hollywood Homicide, Almost Christmas, The Jamie Foxx Show, Star, I’m Glad It’s Christmas), reality-show appearance fees, and national-anthem slots at the Super Bowl and NBA All-Star Game. Fourth is publishing and business: her 2001 cookbook At Home with Gladys Knight, the licensed restaurant name (active 1999–2017), and health-advocacy work.

Illustration of a 1970s soul concert with a lead singer in a gold gown and three backup vocalists under stage lights
The 1970s stage era: Gladys Knight & the Pips turned Buddah Records money and pop-crossover hits into the group’s peak earning years.

Salary and Earnings

Public records contain no audited per-tour gross or per-show fee for Knight, so any “salary” figure printed by content farms is invented — this article will not invent one. What can be documented is how the money worked at each stage, because that explains the size of the fortune better than a fake annual salary ever could.

The Motown years (1966–1973) were prestige-rich and royalty-poor. Berry Gordy’s operation paid modest royalties by design, and one of the documented drivers of the Pips’ 1973 departure was money — Buddah offered a far better royalty and marketing structure, and the group promptly had its biggest-selling years. This is the classic soul-group trap: chart hits do not equal wealth without the contract to match. Knight’s later interviews return to this theme of learning the business the hard way.

The Buddah era (1973–1975) was the commercial peak. Three consecutive top-five pop singles, a No. 1, Grammy wins, and a summer 1975 television special meant headline touring income, record royalties at better rates, and the kind of catalog being built that pays for fifty years. The solo MCA era added Good Woman royalties, the Licence to Kill Bond theme (Eon’s Bond franchise has historically paid substantial one-time fees plus performance royalties for its title themes), and the Saints Unified Voices gospel recordings.

Television-era money arrived in fees rather than salaries: Dancing With the Stars appearance fees for celebrity contestants have historically run into six figures per season for established names; The Masked Singer pays its masked celebrities per episode; Super Bowl national anthems, famously, pay nothing beyond union scale — the NFL does not pay halftime or anthem performers performance fees. So the 2019 Super Bowl LIII anthem was prestige and exposure, not a paycheck.

The newest line of income is the 2025 catalog deal. Music Business Worldwide reported in 2026 that Reservoir Media confirmed new catalog deals with Gladys Knight and T.I. during the quarter ended December 31, 2025. Terms were not disclosed, but industry context matters: legacy catalogs typically trade at multiples of net publisher’s share, and Reservoir’s own filings showed $45.6 million in quarterly revenue and $19.2 million in adjusted EBITDA that same quarter — the company buys copyrights it expects to sweat for decades. Knight’s participation signals her catalog is still a monetizable asset in 2026.

Businesses and Investments

Knight’s business record is one genuine success story and one spectacular family disaster — and the disaster is the one everyone remembers. The success story is modest and real: her 2001 cookbook At Home with Gladys Knight, rooted in the Southern cooking of her Atlanta childhood, and her gospel choir Saints Unified Voices, which became a recording and touring entity in its own right. She has also done paid diabetes-awareness advocacy (see Brand Deals).

The disaster was Gladys Knight’s Chicken and Waffles, the Atlanta restaurant chain founded around 1997–1999 by her son Shanga Hankerson with his mother’s help and licensed use of her name and likeness. Knight’s written license expired in 2009; a verbal arrangement continued until everything blew up in 2016. In June 2016, agents of the Georgia Department of Revenue raided three of the restaurants and their corporate headquarters. Hankerson was arrested on two counts of theft by taking, accused of withholding state taxes and stealing over $650,000 in sales — more than $1 million after interest and penalties, per News.amomama’s reporting. He spent ten hours in Clayton County Jail before release on a $22,400 bond. Two of the three locations closed permanently after the raids.

Knight sued her son in August 2016 to force the removal of her name and likeness from the business, arguing it was damaging her reputation — a claim sharpened by failed health inspections (one Fulton County inspection scored a location 44 out of 100, citing handling food without gloves and evidence of cockroaches, per reporting relayed by Noise11). The case settled in late 2016, with a final judgment and permanent injunction entered December 7, 2016, and the settlement terms — requiring Hankerson to strip all of Knight’s name, likeness and memorabilia from the restaurants, now renamed “The World Famous Chicken & Waffles” — concluded in early 2017 reporting (Atlanta Journal-Constitution, via EURweb and Noise11). Knight’s attorney told the AJC she was out of litigation with her name and intellectual property back. The legal fight strained the mother-son relationship badly: court filings included Hankerson questioning his mother’s mental capacity to make the decision. In short, the venture earned Knight legal bills and headlines, not income.

On the quieter side, Knight and her husband William McDowell built a life and community presence around Fairview, North Carolina — including the RHS Community Foundation, a restoration project for the former Reynolds High School in Canton that McDowell purchased, and ongoing gospel and community work. These are philanthropic projects, not profit centers.

Brand Deals and Sponsorships

Knight never built a fragrance-and-fashion licensing empire, and her endorsement record is thinner than peers like Patti LaBelle’s. Her most visible brand work is health advocacy: she became a public face for type 2 diabetes awareness around 2010–2011, working with Merck on its diabetes education efforts — a natural fit for a singer in her sixties speaking to a Black American audience disproportionately affected by the disease. It is the kind of ambassador deal that pays mid-five to low-six figures annually, though the exact terms were never published.

Older aggregator sites credit her with a Pepsi commercial, but no primary source confirms the details, so this article flags it as unverified. Compared with the music catalog and six decades of touring, endorsements are a footnote in Knight’s wealth story — her brand was the voice, and the voice did not need sneakers.

Illustration of golden gramophone trophies with gold confetti on a dark navy pedestal
Seven Grammy Awards across five decades, plus a Rock Hall induction, Kennedy Center Honors and the National Medal of Arts — hardware that keeps a catalog valuable.

Houses, Cars and Other Assets

Knight’s property footprint is documented in broad strokes rather than listing prices. She lived in Las Vegas from the late 1970s onward — the city was her base through the solo eighties and nineties — and later established a home in the mountains of western North Carolina near Fairview, where she and McDowell live as of 2026 and run their community foundation work. Public reporting describes a five-bedroom mountain home with a tennis court and pool; 2026 county records cited by tabloid coverage valued the couple’s Buncombe County property at roughly $1.43 million, though that figure comes from a single low-quality source and should be treated as indicative, not confirmed.

Her car collection is not public. Lifestyle coverage credits her with a Mercedes-Benz S-Class and a Cadillac Escalade, but these claims trace to entertainment listicles rather than any named source — this article notes them as reported-by-others, not verified. The single biggest hard asset in the Knight story is not a house or a car at all: it is the music catalog, whose 2025 Reservoir Media deal confirms it still trades as a real financial asset.

Awards and Achievements

The honors list is the strongest argument for the catalog’s long-term value — awards don’t pay rent, but they keep old songs licensed. Knight has won seven Grammy Awards from 22 nominations, spread across pop, R&B and gospel: with the Pips (“Midnight Train to Georgia” and “Neither One of Us” era wins, plus “Love Overboard” in 1989), solo work, and the 2006 Best Gospel Choir or Chorus Album win for the Saints Unified Voices’ One Voice. In 2024 she was honored as a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award recipient.

Gladys Knight & the Pips were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996. She received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1995. The 45th Kennedy Center Honors came in December 2022, shared with George Clooney, Amy Grant, Tania Leone and U2. In March 2023 she received the National Medal of Arts from President Joe Biden, alongside Bruce Springsteen, José Feliciano, Mindy Kaling and Julia Louis-Dreyfus. And in 2015 the state of Georgia named a stretch of State Route 9 in Atlanta the Gladys Knight Highway — the kind of honor that signals a catalog that will never fully stop earning.

Net Worth Growth Over the Years

There is no public filing to plot a precise curve, but the published record tells a clear two-act story. From the early 2020s through 2025, outlets consistently printed $28 million — The List in 2021, AfroTech in 2022, CelebsMoney (whose page hadn’t been updated in nearly three years), and a wave of aggregators all cited or mirrored that number, most attributing it to Celebrity Net Worth. Then in 2026, Celebrity Net Worth quietly revised its own estimate down to $8 million, and fresh press coverage (e.g., a 2026 lifestyle report on Knight’s scaling-back announcement) began reporting the $8 million figure. The outlets still showing $28 million simply haven’t updated their pages.

YearPublished estimateSource
2021$28 millionCelebrity Net Worth, via The List
2023$28 millionCelebrity Net Worth, via AfroTech
2025$28 millionCelebsMoney and aggregators (stale pages)
2026$8 millionCelebrity Net Worth (revised); 2026 press coverage

An honest 2026 estimate therefore sits in a range: $8 million – $28 million, anchored at the fresher $8 million. The revision is the real story here — a reminder that a single unverified aggregator number, once printed, gets echoed for years.

Social Media Presence

Knight maintains verified official accounts on Instagram, Facebook, X and TikTok, plus the official site gladysknight.com. The feeds run on legacy-artist logic: tour announcements, throwback performance clips, family moments, and gospel and community projects rather than daily content churn. She does not run the sponsored-post treadmill that younger artists use to pad income — her social presence is brand maintenance for touring and the catalog, not a revenue line. Follower counts move constantly, so this article does not print a frozen number that would be stale tomorrow; her official accounts are easy to find under her name.

Personal Life

Knight has been married four times. At sixteen she married Atlanta musician James “Jimmy” Newman (1960); the marriage produced daughter Kenya and son James “Jimmy” Gaston Newman III before Newman’s drug addiction ended the marriage in 1973. Her second marriage, to producer Barry Hankerson (1974–1979), produced son Shanga and ended in a five-year custody battle. She married author and motivational speaker Les Brown in 1995; they divorced in 1997. On April 12, 2001, she married William “Billy” McDowell, a corporate consultant turned songwriter, producer and author roughly fourteen years her junior, after a three-month courtship. They have been together more than two decades; McDowell co-wrote songs with Knight and serves as her manager.

Loss has marked the family story. Son Jimmy, who had managed much of her career, died of heart failure in 1999 at 36. Knight converted to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the late 1990s — her son had introduced her to the faith — and she has spoken of it as a source of strength through grief. The Pips’ family circle thinned with her: cousin Eleanor Guest died in 1997, Edward Patten in 2005, Langston George in 2007, and William Guest — her brother Bubba’s co-Pip — on Christmas Eve 2015. Bubba is the surviving member of the original family group.

Knight is also a diabetes advocate — she has spoken publicly about her own diagnosis and worked on awareness campaigns — and the couple’s RHS Community Foundation in North Carolina reflects where her energy has shifted in her eighties: restoration, gospel, and family over the road.

Sources & Reporting

  • Celebrity Net Worth — current $8 million estimate (2026 revision); career biography including Motown/Buddah eras, seven Grammys and 22 nominations, 2025 Queens tour and 2026 scale-back announcement.
  • The List — 2021 profile attributing the then-$28 million figure to Celebrity Net Worth; acting credits (The Jamie Foxx Show, House of Payne, Empire), Dancing With the Stars and The Masked Singer appearances.
  • AfroTech — 2022 profile citing Celebrity Net Worth’s $28 million figure; children and family details; Verzuz with Patti LaBelle.
  • CelebsMoney — stale $28 million estimate page (last updated ~2023); birth details and age reference.
  • Music Business Worldwide — Reservoir Media’s Q3 FY2026 results confirming the new Gladys Knight catalog deal in the quarter ended December 31, 2025.
  • Full Access Magazine — 2025 concert coverage: 38+ albums, solo discography (Good Woman, Just for You, Many Different Roads, At Last), acting credits, 45th Kennedy Center Honors and National Medal of Arts.
  • Fusicology / BroadwayWorld — 2025 concert bios: No. 1 hits across pop, gospel, R&B and adult contemporary; Super Bowl LIII and 2021 NBA All-Star anthems; 2024 Grammy Lifetime Achievement honor; Gladys Knight Highway (2015).
  • Shine My Crown — National Medal of Arts White House ceremony coverage (2023); Rock Hall 1996 and Kennedy Center Honors 2022 context.
  • Noise11 — settlement of the Chicken & Waffles lawsuit (Feb–Mar 2017, via Atlanta Journal-Constitution); health-inspection failures and tax raid details.
  • EURweb — settlement coverage: name and likeness removal terms, attorney statement on regaining her intellectual property.
  • Straight From the A — December 2016 settlement reporting (Bossip-sourced): license expired 2009, verbal agreement, January 2017 removal deadline.
  • Bossip — original settlement reporting on the Hankerson case.
  • News.amomama — raid and arrest details ($650,000+ theft accusation, $22,400 bond, Clayton County Jail), custody history.
  • Andscape — Shaw University graduation and HBCU coverage around the 2021 NBA All-Star anthem; Knight’s own quotes on her college years.
  • HBCU Buzz — Shaw University alumna coverage (via Variety).
  • Musician Guide — early biography: 1948 first recital, Morris Brown choir tours 1950–53, 1952 Amateur Hour win ($2,000 prize, “Too Young”), Pips formation at Bubba’s birthday.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Gladys Knight’s net worth in 2026?

Gladys Knight’s net worth is estimated at $8 million – $28 million in 2026. Celebrity Net Worth currently lists $8 million after revising its figure down from $28 million; many outlets still show the older $28 million because their pages haven’t been updated. No public financial filings exist, so both figures are estimates and a range is the honest answer.

How old is Gladys Knight?

Gladys Knight was born May 28, 1944, in Atlanta, Georgia, making her 82 years old as of October 2026. She has been performing for more than 75 years and announced in 2026 that she would scale back live appearances.

Is Gladys Knight still alive?

Yes. Gladys Knight is alive and announced in 2026 that she plans to scale back her live performances after more than 75 years on stage, devoting more time to family, gospel and community projects in North Carolina.

Who is Gladys Knight married to now?

Gladys Knight has been married to William “Billy” McDowell since April 12, 2001. McDowell, a former corporate consultant turned songwriter, producer and author, is about fourteen years her junior and has managed much of her career. It is her fourth marriage, following James Newman (1960–1973), Barry Hankerson (1974–1979) and Les Brown (1995–1997).

How many Grammys has Gladys Knight won?

Gladys Knight has won seven Grammy Awards from 22 nominations, spanning pop, R&B and gospel across five decades — with Gladys Knight & the Pips (“Midnight Train to Georgia,” “Neither One of Us,” “Love Overboard”), as a solo artist, and for the Saints Unified Voices gospel choir’s One Voice (2006). She was also honored with a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2024.

What happened to Gladys Knight’s Chicken & Waffles restaurant?

The Atlanta chain, run by her son Shanga Hankerson, was raided by Georgia tax agents in June 2016 over alleged unpaid taxes exceeding $650,000, and Hankerson was arrested. Knight sued her son in August 2016 to remove her name and likeness from the business; they settled in late 2016–early 2017, and the restaurants were renamed “The World Famous Chicken & Waffles.” Two of the three locations closed permanently.

How many children does Gladys Knight have?

Gladys Knight has three children: Kenya Newman and James “Jimmy” Gaston Newman III with first husband James Newman (Jimmy died of heart failure in 1999 at age 36), and Shanga Hankerson with second husband Barry Hankerson.

Why is Gladys Knight called the Empress of Soul?

The nickname reflects her five-decade reign as one of soul music’s defining voices — from “I Heard It Through the Grapevine” and “Midnight Train to Georgia” with the Pips to her solo career, gospel work, seven Grammys, Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction, Kennedy Center Honors and the National Medal of Arts.

The Bottom Line

Final Thoughts

Gladys Knight’s fortune is the product of a career almost nobody in pop history can match for sheer duration: paid as a child talent-show winner in 1952, paid as a Motown hitmaker in the sixties, richly paid as a Buddah crossover star in the seventies, and still collecting from that catalog in her eighties. The honest 2026 number is a range — $8 million to $28 million — because the reference everyone cited revised its own figure downward, and revision is a feature of good estimating, not a scandal. The catalog remains the asset: a 2025 Reservoir Media deal, a joint 2025 arena tour, and a scaling-back announcement rather than a retirement all point to a machine that will keep paying. The restaurant fiasco, meanwhile, is the cautionary second act — proof that a famous name is an asset you can lose if you don’t guard it.

Published on October 11, 2026. Last reviewed October 2026. Found an error? See our corrections policy.

N
Researched & Written by
NetWorthCraft Editorial Team

Every figure in this article was checked against primary reporting — business press, filings, rich lists and verified interviews — before publication. Estimates carry a visible date and appear as ranges where the record is incomplete; they are corrected when new evidence emerges.